103 problems carry a rule must change

Some problems are held in place by rules. A ban written for old technology, an approval pathway that doesn't fit a new kind of device, a building code that forbids the better material. Here the decisive move belongs to a public authority — a legislature, a regulator, a code body — and until it changes the rule, no amount of engineering gets through. Note the boundary: if the missing piece is a technical test method a standards committee could publish, or an incentive that buyers and funders could adopt on their own, those are different genes.